Localising a (concealed) Accessory Pathway

We've talked before about localising accessory pathways by the characteristics of the delta wave. The question for today: can a concealed accessory pathway be localized using the surface ECG?

Here are two ECGs, one during sinus rhythm, the other during tachycardia. The differential diagnosis for the SVT is not broad. I can think of two possibilities. However, I know from an EPS study that this is a SVT using a concealed bypass tract.

What is the other possibility?

If this is an SVT using a concealed bypass tract, where is the bypass tract located?

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Let scientists tell us about sciences...

"Let scientists tell us about sciences. But government involves questions about the good for man, and justice, and what things are worth having at what price; and on these a scientific training gives a man's opinion no added value. Let the doctor tell me I shall die unless I do so-and-so; but whether life is worth having on those terms is no more a question for him than for any other man. "

CS Lewis

 

 

Exercise

We are strange creatures. There exists an activity that will improve your quality of life, make you happy, improve cognition, reduce your risk of dying young and if you die old make it more likely that your mind will be well. And yet, and yet, we do not do it and pursue all kinds of silly, unproven, snake-oil schemes.

Even if you don't lose weight, even in permanent atrial fibrillation.

Sloppy Work

“If you are used to whipping off papers the night before they’re due, running them quickly through the computer’s Spellchecker, handing them in full of high-school errors and sentences that make no sense and having the professor accept them ‘because the ideas are good’ or something, please be informed that I draw no distinction between the quality of one’s ideas and the quality of those ideas’ verbal expression, and I will not accept sloppy, rough-draftish, or semiliterate college writing. Again, I am absolutely not kidding.”

David Foster Wallace

(via Slate, the whole article is worth a read)

Thoughts on this ECG. Be specific.

Updated thoughts: I find these ECGs interesting; the problem is often what is up and what is down when electrical activity is continuous? What practical methods do people use to tell?

Flutter

Electrophysiology Trivia: who is this man?

428px-nicola_perscheid_-_wilhelm_his_internist_1902

Narrow complex tachycardia...the conclusion

So these are the manoeuvres discussed in the comment thread to the previous post:  http://epfellow.posterous.com/update-to-narrow-complex-tachycardia

What manoeuvres in sinus rhythm can be used to suggest a cause of narrow complex tachycardia?

Incremental atrial pacing – to expose 'latent' preexcitation, and suggest dual AV nodal physiology

Atrial extrastimuli – to expose dual AV nodal physiology, AV nodal echoes

ParaHisian pacing – reveal the presence of a concealed septal pathway

Incremental ventricular pacing – pattern of retrograde activation (e.g. left lateral pathway 1st in distal CS, right free wall first in HRA catheter); minimal decrement in VA intervals before VA block suggesting a concealed bypass tract

Ventricular extrastimuli – assess whether VA conduction is decremental with similar implications to above

Differential ventricular pacing – VA interval at the RV base is usually < VA interval at the RV apex in the presence of a septal pathway

 

With that in mind....

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Figure 1: Incremental ventricular pacing

Figure 2: Single Atrial extrastimulus

Figure 3: Double Atrial extrastimuli

Figure 4: Theory for the manoeuvre in Figure 5

Figure 5: RV pacing from the base and the apex

 

What would you do now since tachycardia was not able to be induced?

 

(Thanks again to Eraldo Moraes for the hard work he put into this case).

Chekhov - Ward No. 6

People who have an official, professional relation to other men’s sufferings, for instance, judges, police officers, doctors—in course of time, through habit, grow so callous that they cannot, even if they wish it, take any but a formal attitude to their clients; in this respect they are not different from the peasant who slaughters sheep and calves in the back-yard, and does not notice the blood.

Update to Narrow Complex Tachycardia

Unfortunately the tachycardia could not be induced in the laboratory. Here are the baseline recordings – 12 lead ECG, and His bundle electrogram.

The diagnosis was made however with pacing manoeuvres in sinus rhythm.

Considering the differential diagnosis mentioned in the comments on the post previous, what pacing manoeuvres could be used in sinus rhythm to make a diagnosis?

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Narrow complex tachycardia – what is the cause?

22 yo Male with a history of palpitations for 2 years.

What abnormalities do you note on the baseline ECG?

What is the differential diagnosis of the tachycardia?

EGMs will follow.

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Thanks to Eraldo de Moraes for contributing this case! (If any other readers have a case I'm more than happy to put it up – it only needs to be interesting).

Swaying before syncope (Videos)

I came late to these videos. You have likely already seen them.

Swaying before syncope suggests a benign cause. Malignant syncope usually results in a sudden drop; a slump really.

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Compare to these two cases of malignant (cardiac) syncope previously posted.

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History is important.

Vancouver CCC – a beautiful city

What a wonderful place to live.

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Start with the surface ECG...

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ParaHisian Pacing: Diagnosis?

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Diagnosis?

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